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<h1>Masoretes - Did They Remove Christian-Supporting Passages?</h1>
<p><span style="font-size: large; font-family: 'times new roman', times;">The Masoretic text of the middle ages no longer has all the language that Jerome affirms was in the Hebrew text in the fourth century. For example, Isaiah 11:1 no longer has the words “<b>He shall be called a Nazarene</b>” which Jerome says Matthew 2:23 was quoting. Proverbs 18:4 no longer reads “<b>Rivers of living water shall flow out of his belly.</b>” Jerome was saying these &nbsp;Messianic texts quoted by the apostles were all missing in the Septuagint Greek translation of 257 BC but were present in the Hebrew text in Jeromes hands in the Fourth Century.</span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: large; font-family: 'times new roman', times;">Meanwhile, it appears the Masoretes aligned the Hebrew on Isaiah 11:1 and Proverbs 18:4 to match the Septuagint, because they evidently preferred to remove Messianic texts which the Septuagint supported removing.</span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: large; font-family: 'times new roman', times;">One may doubt the Masoretes would ever do such a thing. However, this was not the only omission or change done by the Masoretes. The Qumram documents from 200 BC embarrasingly now prove the <b>Masoretes eliminated a Davidic Psalm 151</b> which was found in Hebrew in the caves.</span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: large; font-family: 'times new roman', times;">This is known as the Psalms Scroll. For a copy of it from the Qumram library, listing it as&nbsp;<em>non-canonical</em><span style="font-size: large; font-family: 'times new roman', times;"> due to the Masoretes 925 AD deletion, see this <a href="http://www.loc.gov/exhibits/scrolls/trans1.html">link</a>. In verse 15, you will see Jesus was paraphrasing it in the Lord's Prayer ("let not Satan rule over me"). See a copy below under Study Notes.</span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: large; font-family: 'times new roman', times;">It exists in the Septuagint from 257 B.C., but disappears in the Masoretic text. Some have misconstrued this means that the Septuagint translation is inspired. Rather, it means the original Hebrew text has sometimes been lost. We can sometimes find it by looking at Qumram and its Dead Sea Scrolls.</span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: large; font-family: 'times new roman', times;">Of course, Isaiah 53 in the Dead Sea Scrolls from about 200 BC says the <b>suffering servant will die but then "see light" again</b> -- implying resurrection. However, this important prophecy fulfilled in Jesus is deleted in the Masorete translation of 925 AD, and it mysteriously simply says "see" and does not identify what the servant sees. (See <a href="/topicindex/362-isaiah-53-fulfilled-in-jesus.html">our link</a>.) One is left to surmise that this blatant textual omission is a mere accident rather than deliberate. Yet, since Christians had made a big deal of this passage for centuries, one may truly wonder if this was deliberately made to look like a simple copyist error. Regardless, it is a deducible error (whether deliberate or not), and we can restore the original text due to the Dead Sea Scrolls text from 200 BC.&nbsp;</span></p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<hr />
<p><span style="color: #0000ff; font-size: x-large;"><strong>Study Notes</strong></span></p>
<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;</p>
<h2 align="center" style="font-size: 13pt; color: #330000; text-align: center; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; line-height: normal; background-color: #ffffcc;"><a href="http://www.loc.gov/exhibits/scrolls/trans1.html">The Psalms Scroll: Translation</a></h2>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>&nbsp;Column 19: Plea for Deliverance (A Noncanonical Psalm)</p>
<p><span style="font-size: large; font-family: 'times new roman', times;"><span style="color: #330000; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 15px; line-height: normal; background-color: #ffffcc;">1. Surely a maggot cannot praise thee nor a grave worm recount thy loving-kindness.</span><br style="color: #330000; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 15px; line-height: normal; background-color: #ffffcc;" /><span style="color: #330000; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 15px; line-height: normal; background-color: #ffffcc;">2. But the living can praise thee, even those who stumble can laud thee. In revealing</span><br style="color: #330000; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 15px; line-height: normal; background-color: #ffffcc;" /><span style="color: #330000; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 15px; line-height: normal; background-color: #ffffcc;">3. thy kindness to them and by thy righteousness thou dost enlighten them. For in thy hand is the soul of every</span><br style="color: #330000; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 15px; line-height: normal; background-color: #ffffcc;" /><span style="color: #330000; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 15px; line-height: normal; background-color: #ffffcc;">4. living thing; the breath of all flesh hast thou given. Deal with us, O LORD,</span><br style="color: #330000; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 15px; line-height: normal; background-color: #ffffcc;" /><span style="color: #330000; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 15px; line-height: normal; background-color: #ffffcc;">5. according to thy goodness, according to thy great mercy, and according to thy many righteous deeds. The LORD</span><br style="color: #330000; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 15px; line-height: normal; background-color: #ffffcc;" /><span style="color: #330000; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 15px; line-height: normal; background-color: #ffffcc;">6. has heeded the voice of those who love his name and has not deprived them of his loving-kindness.</span><br style="color: #330000; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 15px; line-height: normal; background-color: #ffffcc;" /><span style="color: #330000; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 15px; line-height: normal; background-color: #ffffcc;">7. Blessed be the LORD, who executes righteous deeds, crowning his saints</span><br style="color: #330000; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 15px; line-height: normal; background-color: #ffffcc;" /><span style="color: #330000; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 15px; line-height: normal; background-color: #ffffcc;">8. with loving-kindness and mercy. My soul cries out to praise thy name, to sing high praises</span><br style="color: #330000; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 15px; line-height: normal; background-color: #ffffcc;" /><span style="color: #330000; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 15px; line-height: normal; background-color: #ffffcc;">9. for thy loving deeds, to proclaim thy faithfulness--of praise of thee there is no end. Near death</span><br style="color: #330000; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 15px; line-height: normal; background-color: #ffffcc;" /><span style="color: #330000; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 15px; line-height: normal; background-color: #ffffcc;">10. was I for my sins, and my iniquities have sold me to the grave; but thou didst save me,</span><br style="color: #330000; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 15px; line-height: normal; background-color: #ffffcc;" /><span style="color: #330000; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 15px; line-height: normal; background-color: #ffffcc;">11. O LORD, according to thy great mercy, and according to thy many righteous deeds. Indeed have I</span><br style="color: #330000; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 15px; line-height: normal; background-color: #ffffcc;" /><span style="color: #330000; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 15px; line-height: normal; background-color: #ffffcc;">12. loved thy name, and in thy protection have I found refuge. When I remember thy might my heart</span><br style="color: #330000; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 15px; line-height: normal; background-color: #ffffcc;" /><span style="color: #330000; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 15px; line-height: normal; background-color: #ffffcc;">13. is brave, and upon thy mercies do I lean. Forgive my sin, O LORD,</span><br style="color: #330000; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 15px; line-height: normal; background-color: #ffffcc;" /><span style="color: #330000; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 15px; line-height: normal; background-color: #ffffcc;">14. and purify me from my iniquity. Vouchsafe me a spirit of faith and knowledge, and let me not be dishonored</span><br style="color: #330000; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 15px; line-height: normal; background-color: #ffffcc;" /><span style="color: #330000; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 15px; line-height: normal; background-color: #ffffcc;">15. in ruin. Let not Satan rule over me, nor an unclean spirit; neither let pain nor the evil</span><br style="color: #330000; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 15px; line-height: normal; background-color: #ffffcc;" /><span style="color: #330000; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 15px; line-height: normal; background-color: #ffffcc;">16. inclination take possession of my bones. For thou, O LORD, art my praise, and in thee do I hope</span><br style="color: #330000; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 15px; line-height: normal; background-color: #ffffcc;" /><span style="color: #330000; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 15px; line-height: normal; background-color: #ffffcc;">17. all the day. Let my brothers rejoice with me and the house of my father, who are astonished by the graciousness...</span><br style="color: #330000; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 15px; line-height: normal; background-color: #ffffcc;" /><span style="color: #330000; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 15px; line-height: normal; background-color: #ffffcc;">18. [ ] For e[ver] I will rejoice in thee.</span><br style="color: #330000; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 15px; line-height: normal; background-color: #ffffcc;" /></span></p>
<p style="font-size: 15px; color: #330000; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; line-height: normal; background-color: #ffffcc;"><em>Transcription and translation by J. A. Sanders</em></p>
<p style="font-size: 15px; color: #330000; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; line-height: normal; background-color: #ffffcc;"><a href="http://www.loc.gov/exhibits/scrolls/scr1.html#psalm"><strong><em>Introduction to Psalms Scroll</em></strong></a></p>
<p style="font-size: 15px; color: #330000; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; line-height: normal; background-color: #ffffcc;">One of the longer texts to be found at Qumran, the manuscript was found in 1956 in Cave 11 and unrolled in 1961. Its surface is the thickest of any of the scrolls--it may be of calfskin rather than sheepskin, which was the more common writing material at Qumran. The script is on the grain side of the skin. The scroll contains twenty-eight incomplete columns of text, six of which are displayed here (cols. 14-19). Each of the preserved columns contains fourteen to seventeen lines; it is clear that six to seven lines are lacking at the bottom of each column.</p>
<p style="font-size: 15px; color: #330000; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; line-height: normal; background-color: #ffffcc;">The scroll's script is of fine quality, with the letters carefully drawn in the Jewish book-hand style of the Herodian period. The Tetragrammaton (the four-letter divine name), however, is written in the paleo-Hebrew script.</p>
<dl style="color: #330000; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 15px; line-height: normal; background-color: #ffffcc;"><dt><strong>Reference:</strong></dt><dd>Sanders, J. A.&nbsp;<em>The Psalms Scroll of Qumran Cave 11</em>&nbsp;(11QPs[superscript]a). Discoveries in the Judaean Desert, IV. Oxford, 1965.</dd></dl>
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<p><span style="font-size: x-large; font-family: 'times new roman', times;"><strong>&nbsp;</strong></span></p>
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