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<h3 style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; line-height: 29px; font-weight: normal; font-size: 20px; color: #76756a; font-family: Tahoma, Verdana, Geneva, Helvetica, sans-serif; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="font-family: 'times new roman', times; font-size: 18pt; color: #0000ff;"><strong>Usage of Pisteuo in Acts by Luke Encompasses Obedience, and Is Not Mere Belief</strong></span></h3>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 10px; color: #494a44; font-family: Tahoma, Verdana, Geneva, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; font-family: 'times new roman', times;" data-mce-mark="1"><br />Wayne Jackson in<a href="https://www.christiancourier.com/articles/805-belief-as-used-in-the-book-of-acts">&nbsp;<strong><em>Belief as Used in the Book of Acts</em></strong></a>&nbsp;in the Christian Courier -- an evangelical outreach -- explains the meaning of&nbsp;<span data-mce-mark="1"><em>pisteuo</em>&nbsp;can be "to believe" but also "to trust" and "to obey." He says John 3:36 proves the "to obey" meaning, as the contrast is with a verb to "disobey." Jackson points out that <a href="https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=john+2%3A24&amp;version=AMP">John 2:24</a>&nbsp;proves the "trust" meaning as Jesus would not "pisteou" certain men... he did not trust them.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 10px; color: #494a44; font-family: Tahoma, Verdana, Geneva, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; background-color: #ffffff;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; font-family: 'times new roman', times;" data-mce-mark="1"><span data-mce-mark="1">So then Mr. Jackson examines how did Luke use&nbsp;<span data-mce-mark="1"><em>pisteuo</em>&nbsp;in the book of Acts ... as mere belief, or the acts of obedience / repentance, or trust that were discussed in the same context?</span></span></span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 30px; padding: 0px 0px 10px; color: #494a44; background-color: #ffffff; font-size: 16.002px; line-height: 1.67em; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 18pt;">(1) Following Peter&rsquo;s sermon on Pentecost, certain devout Jews inquired: &ldquo;What shall we do?&rdquo; The apostle commanded them to repent of their sins and be baptized for the remission thereof (<a href="https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Acts+2%3A38&amp;version=KJV" style="color: #517291;">Acts 2:38</a>). Those who &ldquo;received his word were baptized&rdquo; (<a href="https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Acts+2%3A41&amp;version=KJV" style="color: #517291;">v. 41</a>).</span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 30px; padding: 0px 0px 10px; color: #494a44; background-color: #ffffff; font-size: 16.002px; line-height: 1.67em; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 18pt;">Luke then says: &ldquo;And all that believed were together&rdquo; (<a href="https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Acts+2%3A44&amp;version=KJV" style="color: #517291;">v. 44</a>). &ldquo;Believed&rdquo; sums up the obedience described previously.</span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 30px; padding: 0px 0px 10px; color: #494a44; background-color: #ffffff; font-size: 16.002px; line-height: 1.67em; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 18pt;">(2) On the initial day of its existence, the church consisted of at least 3,000 souls. Later, Luke records that many others heard the word and &ldquo;believed; and the number of men came to be about five thousand&rdquo; (<a href="https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Acts+4%3A4&amp;version=KJV" style="color: #517291;">Acts 4:4</a>). It is obvious that the 5,000 mentioned here included the 3,000 referenced earlier, and that the &ldquo;believed&rdquo; of this passage means precisely what it did in&nbsp;<a href="https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Acts+2%3A44&amp;version=KJV" style="color: #517291;">[Acts] 2:44</a>.</span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 30px; padding: 0px 0px 10px; color: #494a44; background-color: #ffffff; font-size: 16.002px; line-height: 1.67em; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 18pt;">(3) After the baptism of Cornelius, the first Gentile convert, Peter went to Jerusalem to defend his actions before a rather hostile Jewish audience (cf.&nbsp;<a href="https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Acts+11%3A22&amp;version=KJV" style="color: #517291;">[Acts] 11:2</a>). He argued that God had authenticated the Gentiles&rsquo; acceptance by giving them the Holy Spirit.&nbsp;</span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 30px; padding: 0px 0px 10px; color: #494a44; background-color: #ffffff; font-size: 16.002px; line-height: 1.67em; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 18pt;">The apostle then said:&nbsp;</span></p>
<blockquote style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; margin-left: 50px; padding-right: 20px; padding-bottom: 10px; padding-left: 10px; font-style: italic; background-color: #fcfcfc; border-bottom: 4px solid #648497; border-left: 5px solid #eeeeee; border-top-style: solid; border-right-style: solid; border-top-color: #648497; border-right-color: #648497; color: #494a44; font-size: 17.5px; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;">
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 30px; padding: 0px 0px 10px; font-size: 15.995px; line-height: 1.67em; font-family: Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, 'Courier New', monospace;"><span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18pt;">&ldquo;If then God gave unto them the like gift as he did also unto us, when we [Jews] believed on the Lord Jesus Christ, who was I, that I could withstand God?&rdquo; (<a href="https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Acts+11%3A17&amp;version=KJV" style="color: #517291;">[Acts] 11:17</a>).&nbsp;</span></p>
</blockquote>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 30px; padding: 0px 0px 10px; color: #494a44; background-color: #ffffff; font-size: 16.002px; line-height: 1.67em; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 18pt;">Note that the entire conversion process of the Jews (cf.&nbsp;<a href="https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Acts+2%3A38&amp;version=KJV" style="color: #517291;">[Acts] 2:38</a>) is simply referred to as &ldquo;when we&nbsp;<em>believed</em>.&rdquo;</span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 1em; padding: 0px 0px 10px; color: #494a44; background-color: #ffffff; font-size: 16.002px; line-height: 1.67em; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 18pt;">Of note, when Peter says in&nbsp;<a href="https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Acts+11%3A17&amp;version=KJV" style="color: #517291;">Acts 11:17</a>&nbsp;"when we believed on the Lord Jesus" the Greek is: "pisteusasin epi" Jesus -- supposedly meaning "believed upon...." -- the verb being an aorist participle active in the dative.</span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 1em; padding: 0px 0px 10px; color: #494a44; background-color: #ffffff; font-size: 16.002px; line-height: 1.67em; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 18pt;">The next example of usage has the same contrast between pisteuo and apeitheo that exists in John 3:36, revealing there pisteuo clearly<em>&nbsp;</em>should be rendered as&nbsp;<em>obey</em>. Mr. Jackson writes:</span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 30px; padding: 0px 0px 10px; color: #494a44; background-color: #ffffff; font-size: 16.002px; line-height: 1.67em; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 18pt;">(4) In the course of his first missionary journey, Paul, together with Barnabas, came to the city of Iconium. They entered into a synagogue of the Jews and proclaimed the gospel of Christ.</span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 30px; padding: 0px 0px 10px; color: #494a44; background-color: #ffffff; font-size: 16.002px; line-height: 1.67em; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 18pt;">There was an encouraging response for Luke says that &ldquo;a great multitude both of Jews and Greeks&nbsp;<em>believed</em>&rdquo; (<a href="https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Acts+14%3A1&amp;version=KJV" style="color: #517291;">[Acts] 14:1</a>). Note the sentence that follows. &ldquo;But the Jews that were&nbsp;<em>disobedient</em>&nbsp;stirred up the souls of the Gentiles, and made them evil affected against the brethren&rdquo; (<a href="https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Acts+14%3A2&amp;version=ASV" style="color: #517291;">[Acts 14:2]&nbsp;ASV</a>).</span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 30px; padding: 0px 0px 10px; color: #494a44; background-color: #ffffff; font-size: 16.002px; line-height: 1.67em; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 18pt;">The term rendered &ldquo;disobedient&rdquo; in the&nbsp;ASV&nbsp;is apeitheo, which carries the idea of refusing to be persuaded, a failure to comply (Thayer, p. 55). Moulton and Milligan, prominent experts in the Greek papyri, cite numerous examples of where&nbsp;<em>apeitheo</em>&nbsp;means &ldquo;to disobey.&rdquo; In conclusion they stated: &ldquo;We have not sought for more instances, but it has seemed desirable to give rather plentiful illustrations to prove a case which is&nbsp;<em><strong>very important for doctrine&rdquo;</strong></em>&nbsp;(p. 55).</span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 1em; padding: 0px 0px 10px; color: #494a44; background-color: #ffffff; font-size: 16.002px; line-height: 1.67em; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 18pt;">The article's footnote provides Moulton's cite as:&nbsp;Moulton, J.H. &amp; Milligan, G. (1963)&nbsp;<em>The Vocabulary of the Greek Testament Illustrated from the Papyri</em>&nbsp;(London: Hodder &amp; Stoughton).</span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 1em; padding: 0px 0px 10px; color: #494a44; background-color: #ffffff; font-size: 16.002px; line-height: 1.67em; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 18pt;">It seems Moulton and Milligan know very well that whether John 3:16 means "believe" or "obey" turns on the identical contrast in John 3:36 where&nbsp;<em>pisteousin eis</em>&nbsp;is contrasted with the verb&nbsp;<em>apeitho --&nbsp;</em>meaning&nbsp;<em>disobey</em>. This tells you the meaning and intent of the word&nbsp;<em>pisteuosin&nbsp;</em>as a contrast to make one's meaning clear. Mr. Jackson then applies that lesson to construe Luke's meaning in&nbsp;<a href="https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Acts+14%3A1-2&amp;version=ASV" style="color: #517291;">Acts 14:1</a>. The Jews and Greeks in other words obeyed Jesus. Moulton and Milligan thus imply that knowing how&nbsp;<em>pisteuo</em>&nbsp;is used as a contrast to&nbsp;<em>apeitheo</em>&nbsp;has a "very important" impact on "doctrine." They are alluding to&nbsp;<a href="https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=john+3%3A16%3B+3%3A36&amp;version=ASV" style="color: #517291;">John 3:16,</a>&nbsp;and its identical contrast with apeitho in&nbsp;<a href="https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=john+3%3A16%3B+3%3A36&amp;version=ASV" style="color: #517291;">John 3:36</a>.</span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 1em; padding: 0px 0px 10px; color: #494a44; background-color: #ffffff; font-size: 16.002px; line-height: 1.67em; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 18pt;">Mr. Jackson then reviews other examples. Finally, he states his conclusion:</span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 30px; padding: 0px 0px 10px; color: #494a44; background-color: #ffffff; font-size: 16.002px; line-height: 1.67em; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 18pt; line-height: 26.7233px;">Belief, because it is the foundation of&nbsp;<em><strong>one&rsquo;s surrender to Christ</strong></em>, and because it is the motivating factor for further obedience, is employed by Luke to reflect the entire process in becoming a Christian &mdash; including repentance, acknowledgment of Jesus as the Son of God, and immersion in water. How can anyone contend that the<em><strong>&nbsp;sole mental act of &ldquo;believing&rdquo; in Christ represents the entire plan of salvation?</strong></em></span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 1em; padding: 0px 0px 10px; color: #494a44; background-color: #ffffff; font-size: 16.002px; line-height: 1.67em; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 18pt;">Again the link for his article is found&nbsp;<a href="https://www.christiancourier.com/articles/805-belief-as-used-in-the-book-of-acts" style="color: #517291;">here</a>. Wayne Jackson is also the author of the well-received book&nbsp;<em>Acts from Jerusalem to Rome</em>&nbsp;(2005) available at this Amazon&nbsp;<a href="http://amzn.to/1EwkUss" style="color: #517291;">link</a>.</span></p> </td>
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