553 lines
19 KiB
Python
553 lines
19 KiB
Python
"""
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Module for using pyOpenSSL as a TLS backend. This module was relevant before
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the standard library ``ssl`` module supported SNI, but now that we've dropped
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support for Python 2.7 all relevant Python versions support SNI so
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**this module is no longer recommended**.
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This needs the following packages installed:
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* `pyOpenSSL`_ (tested with 16.0.0)
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* `cryptography`_ (minimum 1.3.4, from pyopenssl)
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* `idna`_ (minimum 2.0)
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However, pyOpenSSL depends on cryptography, so while we use all three directly here we
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end up having relatively few packages required.
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You can install them with the following command:
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.. code-block:: bash
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$ python -m pip install pyopenssl cryptography idna
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To activate certificate checking, call
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:func:`~urllib3.contrib.pyopenssl.inject_into_urllib3` from your Python code
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before you begin making HTTP requests. This can be done in a ``sitecustomize``
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module, or at any other time before your application begins using ``urllib3``,
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like this:
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.. code-block:: python
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try:
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import urllib3.contrib.pyopenssl
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urllib3.contrib.pyopenssl.inject_into_urllib3()
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except ImportError:
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pass
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.. _pyopenssl: https://www.pyopenssl.org
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.. _cryptography: https://cryptography.io
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.. _idna: https://github.com/kjd/idna
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"""
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from __future__ import annotations
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import OpenSSL.SSL # type: ignore[import-untyped]
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from cryptography import x509
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try:
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from cryptography.x509 import UnsupportedExtension # type: ignore[attr-defined]
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except ImportError:
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# UnsupportedExtension is gone in cryptography >= 2.1.0
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class UnsupportedExtension(Exception): # type: ignore[no-redef]
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pass
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import logging
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import ssl
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import typing
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from io import BytesIO
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from socket import socket as socket_cls
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from socket import timeout
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from .. import util
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if typing.TYPE_CHECKING:
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from OpenSSL.crypto import X509 # type: ignore[import-untyped]
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__all__ = ["inject_into_urllib3", "extract_from_urllib3"]
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# Map from urllib3 to PyOpenSSL compatible parameter-values.
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_openssl_versions: dict[int, int] = {
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util.ssl_.PROTOCOL_TLS: OpenSSL.SSL.SSLv23_METHOD, # type: ignore[attr-defined]
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util.ssl_.PROTOCOL_TLS_CLIENT: OpenSSL.SSL.SSLv23_METHOD, # type: ignore[attr-defined]
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ssl.PROTOCOL_TLSv1: OpenSSL.SSL.TLSv1_METHOD,
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}
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if hasattr(ssl, "PROTOCOL_TLSv1_1") and hasattr(OpenSSL.SSL, "TLSv1_1_METHOD"):
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_openssl_versions[ssl.PROTOCOL_TLSv1_1] = OpenSSL.SSL.TLSv1_1_METHOD
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if hasattr(ssl, "PROTOCOL_TLSv1_2") and hasattr(OpenSSL.SSL, "TLSv1_2_METHOD"):
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_openssl_versions[ssl.PROTOCOL_TLSv1_2] = OpenSSL.SSL.TLSv1_2_METHOD
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_stdlib_to_openssl_verify = {
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ssl.CERT_NONE: OpenSSL.SSL.VERIFY_NONE,
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ssl.CERT_OPTIONAL: OpenSSL.SSL.VERIFY_PEER,
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ssl.CERT_REQUIRED: OpenSSL.SSL.VERIFY_PEER
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+ OpenSSL.SSL.VERIFY_FAIL_IF_NO_PEER_CERT,
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}
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_openssl_to_stdlib_verify = {v: k for k, v in _stdlib_to_openssl_verify.items()}
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# The SSLvX values are the most likely to be missing in the future
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# but we check them all just to be sure.
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_OP_NO_SSLv2_OR_SSLv3: int = getattr(OpenSSL.SSL, "OP_NO_SSLv2", 0) | getattr(
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OpenSSL.SSL, "OP_NO_SSLv3", 0
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)
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_OP_NO_TLSv1: int = getattr(OpenSSL.SSL, "OP_NO_TLSv1", 0)
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_OP_NO_TLSv1_1: int = getattr(OpenSSL.SSL, "OP_NO_TLSv1_1", 0)
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_OP_NO_TLSv1_2: int = getattr(OpenSSL.SSL, "OP_NO_TLSv1_2", 0)
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_OP_NO_TLSv1_3: int = getattr(OpenSSL.SSL, "OP_NO_TLSv1_3", 0)
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_openssl_to_ssl_minimum_version: dict[int, int] = {
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ssl.TLSVersion.MINIMUM_SUPPORTED: _OP_NO_SSLv2_OR_SSLv3,
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ssl.TLSVersion.TLSv1: _OP_NO_SSLv2_OR_SSLv3,
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ssl.TLSVersion.TLSv1_1: _OP_NO_SSLv2_OR_SSLv3 | _OP_NO_TLSv1,
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ssl.TLSVersion.TLSv1_2: _OP_NO_SSLv2_OR_SSLv3 | _OP_NO_TLSv1 | _OP_NO_TLSv1_1,
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ssl.TLSVersion.TLSv1_3: (
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_OP_NO_SSLv2_OR_SSLv3 | _OP_NO_TLSv1 | _OP_NO_TLSv1_1 | _OP_NO_TLSv1_2
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),
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ssl.TLSVersion.MAXIMUM_SUPPORTED: (
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_OP_NO_SSLv2_OR_SSLv3 | _OP_NO_TLSv1 | _OP_NO_TLSv1_1 | _OP_NO_TLSv1_2
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),
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}
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_openssl_to_ssl_maximum_version: dict[int, int] = {
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ssl.TLSVersion.MINIMUM_SUPPORTED: (
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_OP_NO_SSLv2_OR_SSLv3
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| _OP_NO_TLSv1
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| _OP_NO_TLSv1_1
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| _OP_NO_TLSv1_2
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| _OP_NO_TLSv1_3
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),
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ssl.TLSVersion.TLSv1: (
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_OP_NO_SSLv2_OR_SSLv3 | _OP_NO_TLSv1_1 | _OP_NO_TLSv1_2 | _OP_NO_TLSv1_3
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),
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ssl.TLSVersion.TLSv1_1: _OP_NO_SSLv2_OR_SSLv3 | _OP_NO_TLSv1_2 | _OP_NO_TLSv1_3,
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ssl.TLSVersion.TLSv1_2: _OP_NO_SSLv2_OR_SSLv3 | _OP_NO_TLSv1_3,
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ssl.TLSVersion.TLSv1_3: _OP_NO_SSLv2_OR_SSLv3,
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ssl.TLSVersion.MAXIMUM_SUPPORTED: _OP_NO_SSLv2_OR_SSLv3,
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}
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# OpenSSL will only write 16K at a time
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SSL_WRITE_BLOCKSIZE = 16384
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orig_util_SSLContext = util.ssl_.SSLContext
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log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
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def inject_into_urllib3() -> None:
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"Monkey-patch urllib3 with PyOpenSSL-backed SSL-support."
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_validate_dependencies_met()
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util.SSLContext = PyOpenSSLContext # type: ignore[assignment]
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util.ssl_.SSLContext = PyOpenSSLContext # type: ignore[assignment]
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util.IS_PYOPENSSL = True
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util.ssl_.IS_PYOPENSSL = True
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def extract_from_urllib3() -> None:
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"Undo monkey-patching by :func:`inject_into_urllib3`."
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util.SSLContext = orig_util_SSLContext
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util.ssl_.SSLContext = orig_util_SSLContext
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util.IS_PYOPENSSL = False
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util.ssl_.IS_PYOPENSSL = False
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def _validate_dependencies_met() -> None:
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"""
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Verifies that PyOpenSSL's package-level dependencies have been met.
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Throws `ImportError` if they are not met.
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"""
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# Method added in `cryptography==1.1`; not available in older versions
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from cryptography.x509.extensions import Extensions
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if getattr(Extensions, "get_extension_for_class", None) is None:
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raise ImportError(
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"'cryptography' module missing required functionality. "
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"Try upgrading to v1.3.4 or newer."
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)
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# pyOpenSSL 0.14 and above use cryptography for OpenSSL bindings. The _x509
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# attribute is only present on those versions.
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from OpenSSL.crypto import X509
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x509 = X509()
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if getattr(x509, "_x509", None) is None:
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raise ImportError(
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"'pyOpenSSL' module missing required functionality. "
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"Try upgrading to v0.14 or newer."
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)
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def _dnsname_to_stdlib(name: str) -> str | None:
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"""
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Converts a dNSName SubjectAlternativeName field to the form used by the
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standard library on the given Python version.
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Cryptography produces a dNSName as a unicode string that was idna-decoded
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from ASCII bytes. We need to idna-encode that string to get it back, and
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then on Python 3 we also need to convert to unicode via UTF-8 (the stdlib
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uses PyUnicode_FromStringAndSize on it, which decodes via UTF-8).
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If the name cannot be idna-encoded then we return None signalling that
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the name given should be skipped.
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"""
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def idna_encode(name: str) -> bytes | None:
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"""
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Borrowed wholesale from the Python Cryptography Project. It turns out
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that we can't just safely call `idna.encode`: it can explode for
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wildcard names. This avoids that problem.
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"""
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import idna
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try:
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for prefix in ["*.", "."]:
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if name.startswith(prefix):
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name = name[len(prefix) :]
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return prefix.encode("ascii") + idna.encode(name)
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return idna.encode(name)
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except idna.core.IDNAError:
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return None
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# Don't send IPv6 addresses through the IDNA encoder.
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if ":" in name:
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return name
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encoded_name = idna_encode(name)
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if encoded_name is None:
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return None
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return encoded_name.decode("utf-8")
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def get_subj_alt_name(peer_cert: X509) -> list[tuple[str, str]]:
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"""
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Given an PyOpenSSL certificate, provides all the subject alternative names.
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"""
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cert = peer_cert.to_cryptography()
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# We want to find the SAN extension. Ask Cryptography to locate it (it's
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# faster than looping in Python)
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try:
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ext = cert.extensions.get_extension_for_class(x509.SubjectAlternativeName).value
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except x509.ExtensionNotFound:
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# No such extension, return the empty list.
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return []
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except (
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x509.DuplicateExtension,
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UnsupportedExtension,
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x509.UnsupportedGeneralNameType,
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UnicodeError,
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) as e:
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# A problem has been found with the quality of the certificate. Assume
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# no SAN field is present.
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log.warning(
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"A problem was encountered with the certificate that prevented "
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"urllib3 from finding the SubjectAlternativeName field. This can "
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"affect certificate validation. The error was %s",
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e,
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)
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return []
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# We want to return dNSName and iPAddress fields. We need to cast the IPs
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# back to strings because the match_hostname function wants them as
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# strings.
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# Sadly the DNS names need to be idna encoded and then, on Python 3, UTF-8
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# decoded. This is pretty frustrating, but that's what the standard library
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# does with certificates, and so we need to attempt to do the same.
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# We also want to skip over names which cannot be idna encoded.
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names = [
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("DNS", name)
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for name in map(_dnsname_to_stdlib, ext.get_values_for_type(x509.DNSName))
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if name is not None
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]
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names.extend(
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("IP Address", str(name)) for name in ext.get_values_for_type(x509.IPAddress)
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)
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return names
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class WrappedSocket:
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"""API-compatibility wrapper for Python OpenSSL's Connection-class."""
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def __init__(
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self,
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connection: OpenSSL.SSL.Connection,
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socket: socket_cls,
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suppress_ragged_eofs: bool = True,
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) -> None:
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self.connection = connection
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self.socket = socket
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self.suppress_ragged_eofs = suppress_ragged_eofs
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self._io_refs = 0
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self._closed = False
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def fileno(self) -> int:
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return self.socket.fileno()
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# Copy-pasted from Python 3.5 source code
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def _decref_socketios(self) -> None:
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if self._io_refs > 0:
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self._io_refs -= 1
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if self._closed:
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self.close()
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def recv(self, *args: typing.Any, **kwargs: typing.Any) -> bytes:
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try:
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data = self.connection.recv(*args, **kwargs)
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except OpenSSL.SSL.SysCallError as e:
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if self.suppress_ragged_eofs and e.args == (-1, "Unexpected EOF"):
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return b""
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else:
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raise OSError(e.args[0], str(e)) from e
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except OpenSSL.SSL.ZeroReturnError:
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if self.connection.get_shutdown() == OpenSSL.SSL.RECEIVED_SHUTDOWN:
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return b""
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else:
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raise
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except OpenSSL.SSL.WantReadError as e:
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if not util.wait_for_read(self.socket, self.socket.gettimeout()):
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raise timeout("The read operation timed out") from e
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else:
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return self.recv(*args, **kwargs)
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# TLS 1.3 post-handshake authentication
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except OpenSSL.SSL.Error as e:
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raise ssl.SSLError(f"read error: {e!r}") from e
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else:
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return data # type: ignore[no-any-return]
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def recv_into(self, *args: typing.Any, **kwargs: typing.Any) -> int:
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try:
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return self.connection.recv_into(*args, **kwargs) # type: ignore[no-any-return]
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except OpenSSL.SSL.SysCallError as e:
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if self.suppress_ragged_eofs and e.args == (-1, "Unexpected EOF"):
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return 0
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else:
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raise OSError(e.args[0], str(e)) from e
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except OpenSSL.SSL.ZeroReturnError:
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if self.connection.get_shutdown() == OpenSSL.SSL.RECEIVED_SHUTDOWN:
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return 0
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else:
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raise
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except OpenSSL.SSL.WantReadError as e:
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if not util.wait_for_read(self.socket, self.socket.gettimeout()):
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raise timeout("The read operation timed out") from e
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else:
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return self.recv_into(*args, **kwargs)
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# TLS 1.3 post-handshake authentication
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except OpenSSL.SSL.Error as e:
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raise ssl.SSLError(f"read error: {e!r}") from e
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def settimeout(self, timeout: float) -> None:
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return self.socket.settimeout(timeout)
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def _send_until_done(self, data: bytes) -> int:
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while True:
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try:
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return self.connection.send(data) # type: ignore[no-any-return]
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except OpenSSL.SSL.WantWriteError as e:
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if not util.wait_for_write(self.socket, self.socket.gettimeout()):
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raise timeout() from e
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continue
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except OpenSSL.SSL.SysCallError as e:
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raise OSError(e.args[0], str(e)) from e
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def sendall(self, data: bytes) -> None:
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total_sent = 0
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while total_sent < len(data):
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sent = self._send_until_done(
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data[total_sent : total_sent + SSL_WRITE_BLOCKSIZE]
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)
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total_sent += sent
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def shutdown(self) -> None:
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# FIXME rethrow compatible exceptions should we ever use this
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self.connection.shutdown()
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def close(self) -> None:
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self._closed = True
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if self._io_refs <= 0:
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self._real_close()
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def _real_close(self) -> None:
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try:
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return self.connection.close() # type: ignore[no-any-return]
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except OpenSSL.SSL.Error:
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return
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def getpeercert(
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self, binary_form: bool = False
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) -> dict[str, list[typing.Any]] | None:
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x509 = self.connection.get_peer_certificate()
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if not x509:
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return x509 # type: ignore[no-any-return]
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if binary_form:
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return OpenSSL.crypto.dump_certificate(OpenSSL.crypto.FILETYPE_ASN1, x509) # type: ignore[no-any-return]
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return {
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"subject": ((("commonName", x509.get_subject().CN),),), # type: ignore[dict-item]
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"subjectAltName": get_subj_alt_name(x509),
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}
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def version(self) -> str:
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return self.connection.get_protocol_version_name() # type: ignore[no-any-return]
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def selected_alpn_protocol(self) -> str | None:
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|
alpn_proto = self.connection.get_alpn_proto_negotiated()
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return alpn_proto.decode() if alpn_proto else None
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|
|
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WrappedSocket.makefile = socket_cls.makefile # type: ignore[attr-defined]
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|
|
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class PyOpenSSLContext:
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"""
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I am a wrapper class for the PyOpenSSL ``Context`` object. I am responsible
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for translating the interface of the standard library ``SSLContext`` object
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to calls into PyOpenSSL.
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"""
|
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def __init__(self, protocol: int) -> None:
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self.protocol = _openssl_versions[protocol]
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self._ctx = OpenSSL.SSL.Context(self.protocol)
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self._options = 0
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self.check_hostname = False
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self._minimum_version: int = ssl.TLSVersion.MINIMUM_SUPPORTED
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self._maximum_version: int = ssl.TLSVersion.MAXIMUM_SUPPORTED
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@property
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|
def options(self) -> int:
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return self._options
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|
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@options.setter
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|
def options(self, value: int) -> None:
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|
self._options = value
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self._set_ctx_options()
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@property
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def verify_mode(self) -> int:
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return _openssl_to_stdlib_verify[self._ctx.get_verify_mode()]
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|
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@verify_mode.setter
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def verify_mode(self, value: ssl.VerifyMode) -> None:
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self._ctx.set_verify(_stdlib_to_openssl_verify[value], _verify_callback)
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def set_default_verify_paths(self) -> None:
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self._ctx.set_default_verify_paths()
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def set_ciphers(self, ciphers: bytes | str) -> None:
|
|
if isinstance(ciphers, str):
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ciphers = ciphers.encode("utf-8")
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self._ctx.set_cipher_list(ciphers)
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|
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def load_verify_locations(
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self,
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cafile: str | None = None,
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capath: str | None = None,
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cadata: bytes | None = None,
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) -> None:
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|
if cafile is not None:
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cafile = cafile.encode("utf-8") # type: ignore[assignment]
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|
if capath is not None:
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capath = capath.encode("utf-8") # type: ignore[assignment]
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try:
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self._ctx.load_verify_locations(cafile, capath)
|
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if cadata is not None:
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self._ctx.load_verify_locations(BytesIO(cadata))
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except OpenSSL.SSL.Error as e:
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raise ssl.SSLError(f"unable to load trusted certificates: {e!r}") from e
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|
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def load_cert_chain(
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|
self,
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certfile: str,
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|
keyfile: str | None = None,
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|
password: str | None = None,
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|
) -> None:
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try:
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|
self._ctx.use_certificate_chain_file(certfile)
|
|
if password is not None:
|
|
if not isinstance(password, bytes):
|
|
password = password.encode("utf-8") # type: ignore[assignment]
|
|
self._ctx.set_passwd_cb(lambda *_: password)
|
|
self._ctx.use_privatekey_file(keyfile or certfile)
|
|
except OpenSSL.SSL.Error as e:
|
|
raise ssl.SSLError(f"Unable to load certificate chain: {e!r}") from e
|
|
|
|
def set_alpn_protocols(self, protocols: list[bytes | str]) -> None:
|
|
protocols = [util.util.to_bytes(p, "ascii") for p in protocols]
|
|
return self._ctx.set_alpn_protos(protocols) # type: ignore[no-any-return]
|
|
|
|
def wrap_socket(
|
|
self,
|
|
sock: socket_cls,
|
|
server_side: bool = False,
|
|
do_handshake_on_connect: bool = True,
|
|
suppress_ragged_eofs: bool = True,
|
|
server_hostname: bytes | str | None = None,
|
|
) -> WrappedSocket:
|
|
cnx = OpenSSL.SSL.Connection(self._ctx, sock)
|
|
|
|
# If server_hostname is an IP, don't use it for SNI, per RFC6066 Section 3
|
|
if server_hostname and not util.ssl_.is_ipaddress(server_hostname):
|
|
if isinstance(server_hostname, str):
|
|
server_hostname = server_hostname.encode("utf-8")
|
|
cnx.set_tlsext_host_name(server_hostname)
|
|
|
|
cnx.set_connect_state()
|
|
|
|
while True:
|
|
try:
|
|
cnx.do_handshake()
|
|
except OpenSSL.SSL.WantReadError as e:
|
|
if not util.wait_for_read(sock, sock.gettimeout()):
|
|
raise timeout("select timed out") from e
|
|
continue
|
|
except OpenSSL.SSL.Error as e:
|
|
raise ssl.SSLError(f"bad handshake: {e!r}") from e
|
|
break
|
|
|
|
return WrappedSocket(cnx, sock)
|
|
|
|
def _set_ctx_options(self) -> None:
|
|
self._ctx.set_options(
|
|
self._options
|
|
| _openssl_to_ssl_minimum_version[self._minimum_version]
|
|
| _openssl_to_ssl_maximum_version[self._maximum_version]
|
|
)
|
|
|
|
@property
|
|
def minimum_version(self) -> int:
|
|
return self._minimum_version
|
|
|
|
@minimum_version.setter
|
|
def minimum_version(self, minimum_version: int) -> None:
|
|
self._minimum_version = minimum_version
|
|
self._set_ctx_options()
|
|
|
|
@property
|
|
def maximum_version(self) -> int:
|
|
return self._maximum_version
|
|
|
|
@maximum_version.setter
|
|
def maximum_version(self, maximum_version: int) -> None:
|
|
self._maximum_version = maximum_version
|
|
self._set_ctx_options()
|
|
|
|
|
|
def _verify_callback(
|
|
cnx: OpenSSL.SSL.Connection,
|
|
x509: X509,
|
|
err_no: int,
|
|
err_depth: int,
|
|
return_code: int,
|
|
) -> bool:
|
|
return err_no == 0
|